<?php
/**
* @version	$Id: cache.php 15962 2013-09-03 15:13:13Z alex $
* @package	In-Portal
* @copyright	Copyright (C) 1997 - 2009 Intechnic. All rights reserved.
* @license      GNU/GPL
* In-Portal is Open Source software.
* This means that this software may have been modified pursuant
* the GNU General Public License, and as distributed it includes
* or is derivative of works licensed under the GNU General Public License
* or other free or open source software licenses.
* See http://www.in-portal.org/license for copyright notices and details.
*/

	defined('FULL_PATH') or die('restricted access!');

	/**
	 * Manager of all implemented caching handlers
	 *
	 */
	class kCache extends kBase {

		/**
		 * Rebuild cache now
		 *
		 */
		const REBUILD_NOW = 1;

		/**
		 * Rebuild cache later
		 *
		 */
		const REBUILD_LATER = 2;

		/**
		 * Cache waiting step (in seconds)
		 *
		 */
		const WAIT_STEP = 2;

		/**
		 * Object of cache handler
		 *
		 * @var FakeCacheHandler
		 */
		var $_handler = null;

		/**
		 * Part of what we retrieve will be stored locally (per script run) not to bother memcache a lot
		 *
		 * @var Array
		 */
		var $_localStorage = Array ();

		/**
		 * What type of caching is being used
		 *
		 * @var int
		 */
		var $cachingType = CACHING_TYPE_NONE;

		/**
		 * Debug cache usage
		 *
		 * @var bool
		 */
		var $debugCache = false;

		/**
		 * Displays cache usage statistics
		 *
		 * @var bool
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected $_storeStatistics = false;

		/**
		 * Site key name
		 * Prepended to each cached key name
		 *
		 * @var string
		 */
		var $siteKeyName = '';

		/**
		 * Site key value
		 * Prepended to each cached key name
		 *
		 * @var string
		 */
		var $siteKeyValue = null;

		/**
		 * Creates cache manager
		 *
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function __construct()
		{
			parent::__construct();

			$this->siteKeyName = 'site_serial:' . crc32(SQL_TYPE . '://' . SQL_USER . ':' . SQL_PASS . '@' . SQL_SERVER . ':' . TABLE_PREFIX . ':' . SQL_DB);

			// get cache handler class to use
			$handler_class = kUtil::getSystemConfig()->get('CacheHandler', '') . 'CacheHandler';

			// defined cache handler doesn't exist -> use default
			if ( !class_exists($handler_class) ) {
				$handler_class = 'FakeCacheHandler';
			}

			$handler = new $handler_class($this);
			/* @var $handler FakeCacheHandler */

			if ( !$handler->isWorking() ) {
				// defined cache handler is not working -> use default
				trigger_error('Failed to initialize "<strong>' . $handler_class . '</strong>" caching handler.', E_USER_WARNING);

				$handler = new FakeCacheHandler($this);
			}
			elseif ( $this->Application->isDebugMode() && ($handler->getCachingType() == CACHING_TYPE_MEMORY) ) {
				$this->Application->Debugger->appendHTML('Memory Caching: "<strong>' . $handler_class . '</strong>"');
			}

			$this->_handler = $handler;
			$this->cachingType = $handler->getCachingType();
			$this->debugCache = $handler->getCachingType() == CACHING_TYPE_MEMORY && $this->Application->isDebugMode();
			$this->_storeStatistics = defined('DBG_CACHE') && DBG_CACHE;

			if ( $this->_storeStatistics ) {
				// don't use FileHelper, since kFactory isn't ready yet
				if ( !file_exists(RESTRICTED . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cache_usage') ) {
					mkdir(RESTRICTED . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cache_usage');
				}
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Returns caching type of current storage engine
		 *
		 * @return int
		 */
		function getCachingType()
		{
			return $this->cachingType;
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value to cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration cache record expiration time in seconds
		 * @return bool
		 */
		function setCache($name, $value, $expiration)
		{
			// 1. stores current version of serial for given cache key
			$this->_setCache($name . '_serials', $this->replaceSerials($name), $expiration);
			$this->storeStatistics($name, 'W');

			// 2. don't replace serials within the key
			$saved = $this->_setCache($name, $value, $expiration);
			$this->storeStatistics($name, 'U');

			// 3. remove rebuilding mark
			$this->delete($name . '_rebuilding');

			return $saved;
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value to cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration cache record expiration time in seconds
		 * @return bool
		 */
		function _setCache($name, $value, $expiration)
		{
			$prepared_name = $this->prepareKeyName($name);
			$this->_localStorage[$prepared_name] = $value;

			return $this->_handler->set($prepared_name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value to cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration cache record expiration time in seconds
		 * @return bool
		 */
		function addCache($name, $value, $expiration)
		{
			// 1. stores current version of serial for given cache key
			$this->_setCache($name . '_serials', $this->replaceSerials($name), $expiration);

			// 2. remove rebuilding mark
			$this->delete($name . '_rebuilding');

			// 3. don't replace serials within the key
			return $this->_addCache($name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value to cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration cache record expiration time in seconds
		 * @return bool
		 */
		function _addCache($name, $value, $expiration)
		{
			$prepared_name = $this->prepareKeyName($name);
			$added = $this->_handler->add($prepared_name, $value, $expiration);

			if ( $added ) {
				$this->_localStorage[$prepared_name] = $value;
			}

			return $added;
		}

		/**
		 * Sets rebuilding mode for given cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param int $mode
		 * @param int $max_rebuilding_time
		 * @param string $miss_type
		 * @return bool
		 */
		function rebuildCache($name, $mode = null, $max_rebuilding_time = 0, $miss_type = 'M')
		{
			if ( !isset($mode) || $mode == self::REBUILD_NOW ) {
				$this->storeStatistics($name, $miss_type);

				if ( !$max_rebuilding_time ) {
					return true;
				}

				// prevent parallel rebuild attempt by using "add" instead of "set" method
				if ( !$this->_addCache($name . '_rebuilding', 1, $max_rebuilding_time) ) {
					$this->storeStatistics($name, 'l');

					return false;
				}

				$this->storeStatistics($name, 'L');
				$this->delete($name . '_rebuild');
			}
			elseif ( $mode == self::REBUILD_LATER ) {
				$this->_setCache($name . '_rebuild', 1, 0);
				$this->delete($name . '_rebuilding');
			}

			return true;
		}

		/**
		 * Returns value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param bool $store_locally store data locally after retrieved
		 * @param int $max_rebuild_seconds
		 * @return mixed
		 */
		function getCache($name, $store_locally = true, $max_rebuild_seconds = 0)
		{
			$cached_data = $this->_getCache(Array ($name . '_rebuild', $name . '_serials'), Array (true, true));

			if ( $cached_data[$name . '_rebuild'] ) {
				// cache rebuild requested -> rebuild now
				$this->delete($name . '_rebuild');

				if ( $this->rebuildCache($name, self::REBUILD_NOW, $max_rebuild_seconds, '[M1]') ) {
					return false;
				}
			}

			// There are 2 key types:
			// - with serials, e.g. with_serial_key[%LangSerial%]
			// - without serials, e.g. without_serial
			// Evaluated serials of each cache key are stored in '{$name}_serials' cache key.
			// If cache is present, but serial is outdated, then cache value is assumed to be outdated.

			$new_serial = $this->replaceSerials($name);
			$old_serial = $cached_data[$name . '_serials'];

			if ( $name == $new_serial || $new_serial != $old_serial ) {
				// no serials in cache key OR cache is outdated
				$wait_seconds = $max_rebuild_seconds;

				while (true) {
					$cached_data = $this->_getCache(Array ($name, $name . '_rebuilding'), Array ($store_locally, false));
					$cache = $cached_data[$name];
					$rebuilding = $cached_data[$name . '_rebuilding'];

					if ( ($cache === false) && (!$rebuilding || $wait_seconds == 0) ) {
						// cache missing and nobody rebuilding it -> rebuild; enough waiting for cache to be ready
						$this->rebuildCache($name, self::REBUILD_NOW, $max_rebuild_seconds, '[M2' . ($rebuilding ? 'R' : '!R') . ',WS=' . $wait_seconds . ']');

						return false;
					}
					elseif ( $cache !== false ) {
						// re-read serial, since it might have been changed in parallel process !!!
						$old_serial = $this->_getCache($name . '_serials', false);

						// cache present (if other user is rebuilding it, then it's outdated cache) -> return it
						if ( $rebuilding || $new_serial == $old_serial ) {
							$this->storeStatistics($name, $rebuilding ? 'h' : 'H');

							return $cache;
						}

						$this->rebuildCache($name, self::REBUILD_NOW, $max_rebuild_seconds, '[M3' . ($rebuilding ? 'R' : '!R') . ',WS=' . $wait_seconds . ']');

						return false;
					}

					$wait_seconds -= self::WAIT_STEP;
					sleep(self::WAIT_STEP);
				}
			}

			$cache = $this->_getCache($name, $store_locally);

			if ( $cache === false ) {
				$this->rebuildCache($name, self::REBUILD_NOW, $max_rebuild_seconds, '[M4]');
			}
			else {
				$this->storeStatistics($name, 'H');
			}

			return $cache;
		}

		/**
		 * Returns cached value from local cache
		 *
		 * @param string $prepared_name Prepared key name from kCache::prepareKeyName() function
		 * @return mixed
		 * @see prepareKeyName
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function getFromLocalStorage($prepared_name)
		{
			return array_key_exists($prepared_name, $this->_localStorage) ? $this->_localStorage[$prepared_name] : false;
		}

		/**
		 * Returns value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string|Array $names
		 * @param bool|Array $store_locally store data locally after retrieved
		 * @return mixed
		 */
		function _getCache($names, $store_locally = true)
		{
			static $request_number = 1;

			$res = Array ();
			$names = (array)$names;
			$store_locally = (array)$store_locally;
			$to_get = $prepared_names = array_map(Array (&$this, 'prepareKeyName'), $names);

			foreach ($prepared_names as $index => $prepared_name) {
				$name = $names[$index];

				if ( $store_locally[$index] && array_key_exists($prepared_name, $this->_localStorage) ) {
					$res[$name] = $this->_localStorage[$prepared_name];
					unset($to_get[$index]);
				}
			}

			if ( $to_get ) {
				$multi_res = $this->_handler->get($to_get);

				foreach ($to_get as $index => $prepared_name) {
					$name = $names[$index];

					if ( array_key_exists($prepared_name, $multi_res) ) {
						$res[$name] =& $multi_res[$prepared_name];
					}
					else {
						$res[$name] = false;
					}

					$this->_postProcessGetCache($prepared_name, $res[$name], $store_locally[$index], $request_number);
				}

				$request_number++;
			}

			return count($res) == 1 ? array_pop($res) : $res;
		}

		/**
		 * Stores variable in local cache & collects debug info about cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $res
		 * @param bool $store_locally
		 * @param int $request_number
		 * @return void
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected function _postProcessGetCache($name, &$res, $store_locally = true, $request_number)
		{
			if ( $this->debugCache ) {
				// don't display subsequent serial cache retrievals (ones, that are part of keys)
				if ( is_array($res) ) {
					$this->Application->Debugger->appendHTML('r' . $request_number . ': Restoring key "' . $name . '". Type: ' . gettype($res) . '.');
				}
				else {
					$res_display = strip_tags($res);

					if ( strlen($res_display) > 200 ) {
						$res_display = substr($res_display, 0, 50) . ' ...';
					}

					$this->Application->Debugger->appendHTML('r' . $request_number . ': Restoring key "' . $name . '" resulted [' . $res_display . ']');
				}
			}

			if ( $store_locally /*&& ($res !== false)*/ ) {
				$this->_localStorage[$name] = $res;
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Deletes value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return mixed
		 */
		function delete($name)
		{
			$name = $this->prepareKeyName($name);
			unset($this->_localStorage[$name]);

			return $this->_handler->delete($name);
		}

		/**
		 * Reset's all memory cache at once
		 */
		function reset()
		{
			// don't check for enabled, because we maybe need to reset cache anyway
			if ($this->cachingType == CACHING_TYPE_TEMPORARY) {
				return ;
			}

			$site_key = $this->_cachePrefix(true);

			$this->_handler->set($site_key, $this->_handler->get($site_key) + 1);
		}

		/**
		 * Replaces serials and adds unique site prefix to cache variable name
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return string
		 */
		protected function prepareKeyName($name)
		{
			if ( $this->cachingType == CACHING_TYPE_TEMPORARY ) {
				return $name;
			}

			// add site-wide prefix to key
			return $this->_cachePrefix() . $name;
		}

		/**
		 * Replaces serials within given string
		 *
		 * @param string $value
		 * @return string
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected function replaceSerials($value)
		{
			if ( preg_match_all('/\[%(.*?)%\]/', $value, $regs) ) {
				// [%LangSerial%] - prefix-wide serial in case of any change in "lang" prefix
				// [%LangIDSerial:5%] - one id-wide serial in case of data, associated with given id was changed
				// [%CiIDSerial:ItemResourceId:5%] - foreign key-based serial in case of data, associated with given foreign key was changed
				$serial_names = $regs[1];
				$serial_count = count($serial_names);
				$store_locally = Array ();

				for ($i = 0; $i < $serial_count; $i++) {
					$store_locally[]  = true;
				}

				$serial_values = $this->_getCache($serial_names, $store_locally);

				if ( !is_array($serial_values) ) {
					$serial_values = Array (current($serial_names) => $serial_values);
				}

				foreach ($serial_names as $serial_name) {
					$value = str_replace('[%' . $serial_name . '%]', '[' . $serial_name . '=' . $serial_values[$serial_name] . ']', $value);
				}
			}

			return $value;
		}

		/**
		 * Returns site-wide caching prefix
		 *
		 * @param bool $only_site_key_name
		 * @return string
		 */
		function _cachePrefix($only_site_key_name = false)
		{
			if ($only_site_key_name) {
				return $this->siteKeyName;
			}

			if ( !isset($this->siteKeyValue) ) {
				$this->siteKeyValue = $this->_handler->get($this->siteKeyName);

				if (!$this->siteKeyValue) {
					$this->siteKeyValue = 1;
					$this->_handler->set($this->siteKeyName, $this->siteKeyValue);
				}
			}

			return "{$this->siteKeyName}:{$this->siteKeyValue}:";
		}

		/**
		 * Stores statistics about cache usage in a file (one file per cache)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param string $action_type {M - miss, L - lock, W - write, U - unlock, H - actual hit, h - outdated hit}
		 * @return void
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function storeStatistics($name, $action_type)
		{
			if ( !$this->_storeStatistics ) {
				return;
			}

			$name = str_replace(Array ('/', '\\', ':'), '_', $name);
			$fp = fopen(RESTRICTED . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cache_usage' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $name, 'a');
			fwrite($fp, $action_type);
			fclose($fp);
		}
	}


	abstract class kCacheHandler {

		/**
		 * Remembers status of cache handler (working or not)
		 *
		 * @var bool
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected $_enabled = false;

		/**
		 * Caching type that caching handler implements
		 *
		 * @var int
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected $cachingType;

		/**
		 *
		 * @var kCache
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected $parent;

		public function __construct(kCache $parent)
		{
			$this->parent = $parent;
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieves value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $names
		 * @return mixed
		 * @access public
		 */
		abstract public function get($names);

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		abstract public function set($name, $value, $expiration = 0);

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		abstract public function add($name, $value, $expiration = 0);

		/**
		 * Deletes key from cach
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		abstract public function delete($name);

		/**
		 * Determines, that cache storage is working fine
		 *
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function isWorking()
		{
			return $this->_enabled;
		}

		/**
		 * Returns caching type of current storage engine
		 *
		 * @return int
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function getCachingType()
		{
			return $this->cachingType;
		}
	}


	class FakeCacheHandler extends kCacheHandler {

		public function __construct(kCache $parent)
		{
			parent::__construct($parent);

			$this->_enabled = true;
			$this->cachingType = CACHING_TYPE_TEMPORARY;
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieves value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string|Array $names
		 * @return mixed
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function get($names)
		{
			if ( is_array($names) ) {
				$res = Array ();

				foreach ($names as $name) {
					$res[$name] = $this->parent->getFromLocalStorage($name);
				}

				return $res;
			}

			return $this->parent->getFromLocalStorage($names);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function set($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			return true;
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function add($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			return true;
		}

		/**
		 * Deletes key from cach
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function delete($name)
		{
			return true;
		}
	}


	class MemcacheCacheHandler extends kCacheHandler {

		/**
		 * Memcache connection
		 *
		 * @var Memcache
		 * @access protected
		 */
		protected $_handler = null;

		public function __construct(kCache $parent, $default_servers = '')
		{
			parent::__construct($parent);

			$this->cachingType = CACHING_TYPE_MEMORY;

			$memcached_servers = kUtil::getSystemConfig()->get('MemcacheServers', $default_servers);

			if ( $memcached_servers && class_exists('Memcache') ) {
				$this->_enabled = true;
				$this->_handler = new Memcache();
				$servers = explode(';', $memcached_servers);

				foreach ($servers as $server) {
					if ( preg_match('/(.*):([\d]+)$/', $server, $regs) ) {
						// "hostname:port" OR "unix:///path/to/socket:0"
						$server = $regs[1];
						$port = $regs[2];
					}
					else {
						$port = 11211;
					}

					$this->_handler->addServer($server, $port);
				}

				// verify, that memcache server is working
				if ( !$this->_handler->set('test', 1) ) {
					$this->_enabled = false;
				}
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieves value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return mixed
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function get($name)
		{
			return $this->_handler->get($name);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function set($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			// 0 - don't use compression
			return $this->_handler->set($name, $value, 0, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function add($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			// 0 - don't use compression
			return $this->_handler->add($name, $value, 0, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Deletes key from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function delete($name)
		{
			return $this->_handler->delete($name, 0);
		}
	}


	class ApcCacheHandler extends kCacheHandler {

		public function __construct(kCache $parent)
		{
			parent::__construct($parent);

			$this->cachingType = CACHING_TYPE_MEMORY;
			$this->_enabled = function_exists('apc_fetch');

			// verify, that apc is working
			if ( $this->_enabled && !$this->set('test', 1) ) {
				$this->_enabled = false;
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieves value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return mixed
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function get($name)
		{
			return apc_fetch($name);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function set($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			return apc_store($name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function add($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			return apc_add($name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Deletes key from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function delete($name)
		{
			return apc_delete($name);
		}
	}


	class XCacheCacheHandler extends kCacheHandler {

		public function __construct(kCache $parent)
		{
			parent::__construct($parent);

			$this->cachingType = CACHING_TYPE_MEMORY;
			$this->_enabled = function_exists('xcache_get');

			// verify, that xcache is working
			if ( $this->_enabled && !$this->set('test', 1) ) {
				$this->_enabled = false;
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieves value from cache
		 *
		 * @param string|Array $names
		 * @return mixed
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function get($names)
		{
			if ( is_array($names) ) {
				$res = Array ();

				foreach ($names as $name) {
					$res[$name] = $this->get($name);
				}

				return $res;
			}

			return xcache_isset($names) ? xcache_get($names) : false;
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function set($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			return xcache_set($name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Stores value in cache (only if it's not there already)
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @param mixed $value
		 * @param int $expiration
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function add($name, $value, $expiration = 0)
		{
			// not atomic operation, like in Memcached and may fail
			if ( xcache_isset($name) ) {
				return false;
			}

			return $this->set($name, $value, $expiration);
		}

		/**
		 * Deletes key from cache
		 *
		 * @param string $name
		 * @return bool
		 * @access public
		 */
		public function delete($name)
		{
			return xcache_unset($name);
		}
	}